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* Do you know what BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is?

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is the key protocol used to manage the routing of data across different networks on the Internet. Much like a postal service that determines the best route for delivering mail, BGP identifies the most efficient path for data to travel between networks. It allows various networks, known as Autonomous Systems (AS), to exchange routing information, ensuring that data packets find their way to the correct destination.

Here's a simplified overview of BGP's operation:

Establishing Connections: BGP routers initiate a connection with one another using TCP, creating what is known as a BGP session.
Exchanging Information: Once connected, BGP speakers share details about the networks they can access. This information is stored in a Routing Information Base (RIB).
Selecting the Best Path: It doesn't always choose the shortest route. It considers various attributes - such as policy, path length, and network stability - to determine the most optimal route.
Sharing Routes: After selecting the best path, BGP speakers relay this information to their peers, helping other networks update their routing tables.
Routing Data: Finally, it directs data packets along the selected routes, ensuring efficient delivery to their destinations.

Understanding these steps is essential for grasping how data seamlessly travels across the global Internet.

In case you want to dive deeper into this topic, we recommend reading the full article about BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)!